Study of enzymatic activity and enzymatic systems composition required for biopolymers hydrolysis of fruit and berry raw materials

The aim of the study is to screen active multienzyme systems that hydrolyze polymers of plant materials. Modern wine production technologies are focused on preserving fresh, fruity aromas. For this purpose, grape processing, including its harvesting, is carried out at the lowest possible temperature. Warm must interacts with atmospheric oxygen much more actively, oxidizing and losing freshness. The data on the studied fruit and berry raw materials presented in the paper indicate that along with the enzymes of the pectolytic complex, enzymes of cellulolytic, hemicellulase and proteolytic action should also be used. Pectofoetidin P10X (Asp. Foetidus), Macerobacillin (Bacillus circulans), Pectinex I (Asp. niger), Fructocyme A (Asp. niger) were used as the object of the study as enzymes affecting pectin substances in various enzyme complexes. To improve the quality of juices and extracts, the method of enzymatic processing was used, and the use of various physical and chemical methods made it possible to reduce the risk of cloudiness and significantly increase the yield of products. Considering the ratio of enzyme activities in enzyme preparations of pectolytic action, it is possible to note the high content of pectinesterase in the preparation Fruktozyme A, polygalacturonase - Pectofoetidin P10x and Pectinex I. It was established that the most effective of the tested pectolytic EPs were preparations in the pectolytic complex of which the enzyme of pectinesterase action predominates and the content of highly active polygalacturonase cellulase enzyme complex (Fruktozyme A, Pectinex) is noted. The least effective was the preparation with the lowest content of pectinesterase (Pectofoetidin). Studies on the use of FP with targeted cellulolytic, xylanolytic, β-glucanase and proteolytic activities showed that the best results in terms of juice yield were provided by the variant where the hydrolysis of the raw material was carried out by a preparation with predominant β-glucanase and xylanase activity.