A Study of the Evolution of China’s Science Policy in the Context of State Governance and BRICS Cooperation

In the context of the accelerating transformation of the global scientific landscape, there is a growing demand for the analysis of national models of science and technology policy as tools for shaping new centers of scientific influence. This article examines the evolution of China’s science policy since 1978 through the lens of state governance modernization and the pursuit of innovation sovereignty. It highlights the shift away from a technocratic approach to scientific development toward strategic planning, institutionalization, and international positioning. Particular attention is paid to China’s participation in BRICS cooperation, where new models of global scientific interaction are being redefined. The author demonstrates how Sino-Russian partnerships in science and technology, extending beyond knowledge exchange, are becoming the basis for institutional dialogue among countries in the Global South. The article offers a new perspective on the role of the state in managing scientific processes amid political multipolarity and technological competition.