Study of antiviral activity of enzymatic hydrolysates of proteins with justification of the possibility of their use in the composition of specialized food products

Peptides isolated from enzymatic hydrolysates of immunocompetent organs of poultry or cow colostrum are of great interest as antiviral agents. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of food peptides of colostrum hydrolysate of cows and the fabricium bag of broiler chickens on the transduction of viruses into the genome, the penetration of lentiviral jesicles into the cell and the possibility of their use as part of functional food products. The C6 (ATCC CCL-107™) and HEK 293T (ATCCCRL-3216™) cell lines were used as a model object. The internationalization of lentivirus into the cell genome and interaction with receptors for penetration into the membrane were evaluated by flow cytometry. Statistical data analysis was performed using one-way ANNOVA and two-way ANNOVA algorithms. The concentration of enzymatic hydrolysate has been established, at which 50 % of viral cells die in 48 hours, for enzymatic hydrolysate of fabricium bag is 35.09 % (R2 = 0.9262), for hydrolysate of cow colostrum - 41.05 % (R2 = 0.9267). The efficiency of virus transduction into the cell genome in the presence of enzymatic hydrolysate of fabricium sac decreased by 4.1 times in comparison with the control, and enzymatic hydrolysate of cow colostrum - by 3.6 times. In the presence of enzymatic hydrolysate of fabricium sac and cow colostrum, the penetration efficiency of lentiviral jesicles into the cell membrane at a temperature of 37 °C is 3.3 and 3.1 times lower. The obtained data open up the possibility of using colostrum and fabricium bag hydrolysates to create food products with antiviral properties.