Studying the risks of grain contamination with mycotoxins of toxigenic molds

According to the Concept of Federal Healthy Nutrition Policy the crucial task of food industry in Russia is to provide the population with safe foodstuffs. The key role in this issue is played by hidden risks which occur when humans and animals regularly consume food products contaminated with mycotoxins. The absence of fast body response to the consumption of this group of substances complicates the formation of vast amount of evidence in the cause-effect relationship between the consumption of such products and cases of non-infectious diseases. The article focuses on the potential risk factors for human and animal health in the long term. The presented experimental base proves the necessity of regular control of grain humidity during storage and monitoring the development of mycelial toxigenic microflora in spite of the compliance of raw materials during the initial stage of storage. The conducted complex studies of microbiological indicators of security and identification of mycelial toxigenic microflora by means of MALDI TOF MS method proved high risks oftoxin accumulation in case of improper storage of grains which necessitates the search of modern technologies of disinfection and processing of this type of raw materials used both for the production of foodstuffs and animal feed. The article presents the evidence base which helped to develop the system of assessing risk factors of mycotoxin accumulation (Aflatoxin B1, Ochratoxin A, Deoxynivalenol, Т-2 toxin and Zearalenone) with toxigenic molds (Aspergillus, Alternaria, Fusarium). It also assesses the pathological effect of potentially dangerous toxic substances on the human and animal body as well as possible ways of their management.