Исследование событий, которые привели к пандемии COVID-19

Исследование событий, которые привели к пандемии COVID-19

Автор: Рейс Жак, Фрюто Роже, Бюге Ален, Ле Фау Ален, Санднер Гай, Роман Густаво, Спенсер Питер

Журнал: Анализ риска здоровью @journal-fcrisk

Рубрика: Профилактическая медицина: актуальные аспекты анализа риска здоровью

Статья в выпуске: 4 (36), 2021 года.

Бесплатный доступ

Спустя 16 месяцев после того, как 30 января 2020 г. Всемирная организация здравоохранения объявила о международной чрезвычайной ситуации в здравоохранении вследствие распространения COVID-19, вирусом SARS-CoV-2 заразились примерно 170 млн человек во всем мире; из них скончались более 3,5 млн. Мы критически анализируем информацию о происхождении вируса, когда и где возникли первые случаи заболевания среди людей, а также указываем на различия между клиническими проявлениями болезни в Китае и в более поздних случаях в других странах. Официально нулевой пациент был госпитализирован в г. Ухане, провинция Хубэй, Китай, 08.12.2019 г., но ретроспективный анализ указывает на то, что вирус циркулировал и ранее. Коронавирусы поражают млекопитающих и птиц, но вопрос о том, стало ли дикое животное (например летучая мышь или панголин) источником пандемии среди людей, остается открытым для обсуждения. В данной работе представлены две модели заражения: первая подразумевает передачу от животных, а вторая - циркуляцию и связана с некоторыми интересными гипотезами о том, что вирус SARS-CoV-2 и ранее циркулировал в человеческой популяции. Распределение пациентов, госпитализированных с COVID-19, различается по возрасту в Китае, в ЕС и США, так как пациенты в Китае были заметно моложе. Первые публикации о заболевании в Китае не содержали упоминания о потере вкуса и обоняния - симптоме, который стал центральным в Европе и США. Заметное вовлечение в патологический процесс эндотелия, связанное с тромботическими осложнениями, также было обнаружено позже. Эти клинические различия могут стать основанием для предположения об эволюции вируса.

Еще

Диагностика sars-cov-2, «нулевой» пациент, зооноз, аутопсия, клинические проявления, дисгевзия / аносмия

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/142231448

IDR: 142231448   |   DOI: 10.21668/health.risk/2021.4.01

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