Titanium alloys scaffolds for medical applications produced by additive technologies: a review

Producing the medical devices byadditive technologies is a very actual challenge. The possi-bility of manufacturing a product using a 3D model based on the results of computed tomography allows to take into account all the individual characteristics of the patient. The review compares the mechanical properties of various materials used for the manufacture of medical devices and considers methods for solving the problem of reducing the Young's modulus in order to approxi-mate the values of the elastic modulus of a metal material and bone. The main types of scaffolds used for the manufacture of implants are analyzed. Modern data on the possibilities of manufac-turing scaffolds for medical use by selective laser melting of titanium alloys are presented. It is shown that the mechanical and operational properties of scaffolds strongly depend on the techno-logical parameters of the process, due to the variation of which the technology of selective laser melting allows to control the properties and characteristics of scaffolds at both the macro and micro levels. The current data on the dependence of mechanical and operational properties on the pa-rameters and type of scaffolds are considered. It is shown that due to the flexibility of the technol-ogy, it can be used to produce various types of implants. The mechanical properties of products with complex internal geometry made of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy and unalloyed titanium based on scaffold with differing type and geometric parameters are compared. It has been shown that Ti6Al4V titanium alloy products manufactured by selective laser melting can be successfully used in medicine due to the flexibility of the technology, which allows the creation of personalized low-modulus implants and endoprostheses.