Efficiency of soybean foliar fertilizing by microelements on leached chernozem of the Krasnodar region at long-term account of dynamics in changes of temperature and moisture conditions

Impact of molybdenum and boron microfertilizers, chelate complex of microelements Aquamix on protein and oil content in soybean seeds was studied in 2004-2014 on leached chernozem. Soybean plants were sprayed by the substances at the beginning of flowering. Soybean responsiveness to extra molybdenum and boron application was revealed due to the weather conditions during vegetative period and distribution of warmth and moisture sources for ten-days period in June - August. It is necessary to improve conditions for microelements consumption both at the beginning of vegetation and in the period of flowering and pods formation. For 11 years of research seed yield was 0.96-2.90 t per ha in control and 1.03-3.11 t per ha in variants with application of molybdenum and boron. In weather conditions during vegetative periods in 2004-2014 an average yield increased after molybdenum application on 0.20 t per ha, boron - on 0.12 and aquamix application - on 0.22 t per ha compared to the control. Protein content in seeds was maximal at molybdenum (42.5%) and aquamix (42.3%) application; it was 1.3 and 1.1% higher than protein content in seeds produced without microfertilizers application. Extra applied microfertilizers caused decreasing of oil content in seeds on 0.3-0.5%. By increasing of seed yield and protein content in seeds, protein yield and oil yield increased on 60-96 kg per ha and 17-36 kg per ha, respectively. Dominant influence of the weather conditions during vegetative period of soybean on seed yield (96.7%), protein yield (94.2%) and oil yield (97.5%) fertilizers share 2.5; 5.1 and 1.8%, respectively.