Effectiveness of prior-sowing soybean seeds treatment against diseases and pest effecting seedlings

The most dangerous diseases of soybean in the phase of seedlings are root rots caused by Fusarium spp. and the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., as well as diseases that infected not only roots, but the seeds too: early blight ( Alternaria spp.) and various bacterial diseases ( Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Rhizobium, Erwinia ). Strong lowering of plant population of soybean in the seedling phase is caused by beetles of blaps (family Tenebrionidae ) and weevils (genus Sitona ), crickets (family Gryllidae ) and larvae of flies sprout ( Delia platura ). Protection of soybean crops from diseases and soil pests is very important. The aim of the work was to obtain experimental data on the testing of chemicals and their mixtures to protect soybean seedling of diseases and pests. The tests were conducted in 2008-2010. As a result of studies, it was found that the studied fungicides, insecticides and their mixtures does not influence negetively the laboratory seeds germination and reduce development of disease and soil pest damage of soybean seedlings. The best biological effectiveness showed: Maxim, CS (31.8%), Vincit, CS (36.4%), Vincit, CS + Diazinon, CE + Silk, WE (81.7%) and Maxim, CS + Diazinon, CE + Silk, WE (80.5%). The highest saved yield was obtained at soybean seeds treatment by fungicide Maxim, CS (0.29 t per ha) and by mixtures of Vincit, CS + Diazinon, CE + Silk, WE (0.25 t per ha), Maxim, CS + Diazinon, CE + Silk, WE (0.23 t per ha).