Energy metabolism in muscle tissue under static and dynamic exercise (experimental study)

Aim. This paper aims at evaluating the effect of physical activity on energy metabolism in the skeletal muscles of untrained and trained experimental mice. Materials and methods. Mature (8-12 weeks) male C57Bl/6 mice weighing 25-30 g were used as experimental animals. Groups for acute (untrained mice) and chronic (trained mice) experiments were formed for the study. We used a dynamic exercise in the form of forced floating and a static exercise in the form of hanging on a horizontal grid. The content of lactate and glycogen in skeletal muscles was determined by the colorimetric method. The determination of citrate synthase, total OXPHOS, and the concentration of the Na+/K+-ATP-ase alpha 2 isoform in muscle tissue was performed by Western blotting. Results. It is shown that dynamic and static exercises have different effects on energy metabolism in the muscles of untrained and trained experimental animals. If the effects of a single exercise of a static or dynamic nature differed not so significantly, then those of daily training activities differed significantly. Static training led to significantly more pronounced changes in the energy metabolism of muscle cells. At the same time, the effect of a single static exercise on energy metabolism in trained animals was less pronounced than that of a dynamic one. Conclusion. Modification of these mechanisms under the influence of physical activities of various nature and intensity is of considerable interest as a promising way to affect metabolic processes both at the cellular and systemic levels, which is very important for both improving sports performance and correcting metabolic disorders associated with a number of socially significant diseases.