The evolution of the perception and interpretation of sovereignty in the context of deglobalization and the formation of a polycentric world order

The article examines the problems of actual inequality in the scope of sovereignty of national states with their formal equality in accordance with the principles of international law. The author outlines the differences between fictitious and real sovereignty, and gives the examples of globalist concepts of limiting the sovereignty of nation-states designed to consolidate the hegemony of the United States and collective West in the international arena. The paper characterizes the role of Russia as a state defending the established principles of sovereignty in international affairs and emphasizes the key importance of national-state and geopolitical identity for ensuring sovereignty, protecting national interests and national security. The author makes the conclusion about the increased relevance of studying the essence of sovereignty in the context of deglobalization processes and the formation of a polycentric world order, the main driving forces behind which are Russia and China.