To biology and biochemistry of Allium hollandicum R.M. Fritsch under the culture in the Bashkir Cis-Urals

The purpose of research is to study the biological and morphological features of the Dutch onion grown from seeds: phenology, morphology, reproductive performance, yield, biochemical composition; assess the sustainability and prospects of cultivation in culture. The plants were grown from seeds, the pregenerative period was 5 years. According to the type of phenological rhythm of development,A. hollandicum belongs to the group of short-vegetating ephemeroids, with spring-early summer flowering. It grows in the I-II decade of April. It blooms in late May - early June, an average of 20 days. Seeds ripen in July-August. Dutch onion grows 3-3.5 months. Average data: height - 108.4 ± 11.09 cm, inflorescence diameter - 8.2 ± 0.42 cm, number of flowers of an individual umbrella - 91.4 ± 11.49 pcs., number of fruits - 75.1 ± 12, 10 pcs., seed production - 178.5 ± 42.10 pcs., number of seeds in the fruit - 2.4 ±0.23 pcs. Productivity coefficient - 31.7 %. Reproduction - seed and vegetative. Weight 1000 pcs. seeds -6.6 g. The yield of above-ground mass (15 bushes - from 1 m2) of A. hollandicum on April 20 was0.335 kg/m2, on April 30 - 1.113 kg/m2, on May 10 - 3.570 kg/m2. The leaves revealed ascorbic acid132.0 mg%; carotene - 1.48 mg / 100 g; dry matter - 7.2 %; sugars - 8.5; protein - 2.13; fat - 0.39; nitrogen - 0.34; potassium - 0.16; phosphorus - 0.05; sulfur - 0.01; calcium - 0.007 %; zinc - 5.27 mg/kg; manganese - 1.80; copper - 1.00; cobalt - 0.04 mg/kg (based on wet weight). Under the conditions of the Bashkir Cis-Urals, A. hollandicum proved to be a winter-hardy, stable, and promising plant (the total score was 18).