Infectious factors in urolithiasis genesis and development

The objective of the paper is to clarify the effect of infectious factor in genesis, clinical manifestations and complications of urolithiasis. Materials and Methods. 35 apparently healthy volunteers and 273 patients with urolithiasis were examined. The authors analyzed annual reports of the urological service in St. Petersburg and Russian. The authors analyzed chemical composition of kidney stones and stone and urine microbiota by means of gas chromatography - mass spectroscopy. Results. High levels of general incidence of urolithiasis (770.1 per 100,000 population) and recurrent course of the disease (47.9 %) are typical for St. Petersburg. Besides, the incidence of urolithiasis increases with age: it is 10.6 times higher in a group of elderly people (70 years old and older) than among young people (18-29 years old). In 82.8 % of patients with urolithiasis, the disease is accompanied by infectious inflammatory urinary tracts pathology of a polymicrobial nature. Microbial markers, bacteria, viruses and fungi are detected in all chemical types of kindey stones with a significant quantitative difference from characteristics of urine microbiota. Conclusion. In patients with urolithiasis, 82 % of kidney stones by their chemical composition are referred to calcium ones, among them 88 % are represented by calcium oxalates. 82.8 % of urolithiasis is associated with infectious and inflammatory diseases. Microbiota of urinary stones is represented by: a) obligate microorganisms: bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, bacteroids, eubacteria, escherichia; b) facultative microorganisms: lactose negative enterobacteria, staphylococci, Proteus, fungi, etc.; c) transient microorganisms: flavobacteria, Acinetobacter, some pseudomonids.