On Two Possible Versions of Reading 2 Tim 3:16а Based on Biblical Justification of the Doctrine of Divine Inspiration

The passage of 2 Tim 3:16a plays a key role in the biblical justification of the doctrine of divine inspiration. The Greek text allows for two possible versions of reading: “all Scripture is God-breathed” and “every God-breathed Scripture is…” The aim of the research is to summarize arguments in favor of each version of reading and to identify their connection with the doctrine of divine inspiration. The two versions of reading of the passage are compared, taking into account the context of the Epistle, the syntax of the Greek language of the New Testament, and usages of the term γραφὴ in the LXX and the New Testament. Ancient and classic European translations of the passage are considered, as well as its quotations by ancient church writers. Ideas of divine inspiration in the 1st-century CE Judaism are also taken into account. The conclusion is made that the material studied makes it possible to accept both versions of reading, the traditional one being preferable on the ground of syntax. However, the second version of reading should also be taken into consideration.