On the immunological evaluation of potato variety “Askol’d”

Relevance. Plant breeding for resistance to pests is the most radical and effective method for decreasing the enormous yield loss caused by leaf-eating, sucking, and mining insects. Passportization of potato varieties is a popular tool for improving the system of registration and certification, intellectual property management, and the control over the genetic homogeneity of plant varieties. Description of a given variety should contain the results of its molecular-genetic and immunological evaluation. Our research goal Compilation of immunological passport of the promising potato variety Askol’d. Materials and Methods. Potato variety Askol'd was used as the research object. The methods of Shapiro et al. (2006), Ibragimov et al. (2006), and Tukalo and Zarik (1970) were employed to study the content of glycoalkaloids in fresh leaf tissue of potato plants, the content of stress hormones expressed as mg% of adrenaline in the bodies of insects, and the activity of the proteases of the pest and proteinase inhibitors in potato. The methods of Sainakova et al. (2018) and Strygina et al. (2019) were used in the molecular- genetic research. Results. The genotype with variants of gene StAN1 lacking the main functional variant r1 can be viewed as a marker for the passportization of potato variety Askol'd if all the other are present. Based on the results of the conducted molecular and genetic evaluation, variety Askol'd had markers of the genes responsible for plant resistance to the golden cyst nematode, potato wart disease (pathotype 1), and Phytophthora blight. Variety Askol'd was observed to have strong immunity. This conclusion could be drawn from its biochemical profile, the reparative ability of tubers, and the response of hypersensitivity in leaves. Conclusion. Potato variety Askol'd was found to be highly resistant to pathogens and pests. This quality makes the specimen valuable both for breeding and agricultural production. Growing resistant varieties often allows farmers to avoid using pesticides. This plays a significant role in minimizing the threat of product contamination with chemical residues and in preserving the natural ecosystems.