Concerning the history of global ideological space

The term ‘ideological space’ is a suitable method for considering the spiritual processes at the macro-social level. The paper describes the changing nature of the ideological space during the historical development; it is based on the methodological synthesis of both cultural and civilizational and geopolitical approaches. In the pre-industrial era, ideological space mainly had an irrational religious basis. In the Modern Era, rationalized and practice-oriented theoretical constructs related to the specific macro-social interests emerged as the main component of the ideological space. Total ideological systems (liberalism, socialism, conservatism) are the result of significant ontological shifts caused by industrialization. The above-mentioned ideological systems opposed to each other at the national and international levels, and it determined the state of the ideological space on the appropriate scale. Liberalism won in this confrontation, and its principles were implemented on a global scale. In the context of increasing globalization trends, the global ideological space becomes more and more evident. Nevertheless, the changing essence of the main ideological actors, i.e. the state and society, makes the prospects of the global ideological space uncertain.