Towards the issue of evolution of art in the 20th and 21st centuries: culturological analysis

Art, its role, ways of creation, translation and perception have undergone significant changes in the course of the last century. In general, one can talk of aestheticisation of culture, which could not but have a certain impact on art. The departure from “classical art” began already in the epoch of modernism. The “digital turn” has contributed to new hypostasis of art in culture. The virtual medium has introduced new, unprecedented opportunities both in technical and spiritual aspects. Artworks have become more accessible to the general public, with a possibility of user intervention in creative process and the use of artificial intelligence therein. The phenomenon of cyber art has emerged, requiring profound culturological analysis. The use of digital technologies in creation of artworks actualises the issue of constraints of artificial intelligence potential in creative process as well as the problem of ethical and aesthetic content of works created by neural network with the use of algorithms and other digital technologies. In this regard, the notion of mosaic culture is important - as consisting of disparate elements, lacking consistency and integrity of perception and cognition. The mosaic culture refers one to the concept of “rhizome,” reflecting as well the consumer-oriented aspect of the mass culture. Therefore, this entails a danger of replacing the unique nature by mainstream values, and, moreover, of transformation or even loss of the original ontological and axiological sense of the artwork.