Categories of “Individual” and “Public”: Through the Prism of Existence

The article delves into the analysis of two ontological forms of human existence, society, and nature in their entirety, individual and social, in contradictory states of political and legal reality: peace and war. In these intricate interactions between the individual and the collective, the integral and the fragmented, order and chaos, politicolegal reality is formed as a reflection captured in time and space, symbolizing the unity of the past, present, and future. Particular attention of the authors is focused on the study of the humanistic component in the consideration of the categories of “individual and social”, their role and significance in states of peace and war, on the characteristics of politics and law as the most important elements of the sustainable development of all mankind. The most important feature of writing the article will be an appeal to the texts of philosophers of the direction of “existentialism”, since their focus was on the need for a critical understanding of the antihumanistic manifestations of the state of war (the events of the 20th century World War), the “abandonment” of the individual into the chaos of universal human processes and events, leveling the value of humanism and the need to substantiate it as an ontological basis as in understanding the existence of an individual, so is the whole of humanity.