A Clinical Case of Toxicoderma in a 3-Year-Old Child

This article presents a clinical case of toxicoderma in a 3-year-old child initially hospitalized at the Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital in Bishkek with a diagnosis of enterovirus infection due to vesicular rashes. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the clinical course, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of toxic-allergic skin lesions in young children. The materials and methods included a retrospective analysis of the patient's clinical, anamnestic, and laboratory data, as well as an assessment of the patient's progression during therapy. The disease began with a fever and the appearance of a vesicular rash on the palms and soles. A significant deterioration in the child's condition was noted after consuming tropical fruit juice, accompanied by the spread of the rash to the trunk, severe itching, hyperemia, and joint swelling. A monomorphic vesicular rash without lesions of the mucous membranes or scalp was observed. A complete blood count revealed leukocytosis with neutrophilia and an elevated C-reactive protein. A differential diagnosis with chickenpox was performed, with key differences being the lack of polymorphic rash, a clear link to a food trigger, the absence of mucosal or scalp lesions, and the presence of edema. Based on clinical and anamnestic data, a diagnosis of toxicoderma was established. Positive changes were noted with treatment (antihistamines, glucocorticosteroids, sorbents, and a hypoallergenic diet): regression of skin manifestations and normalization of laboratory parameters. This case highlights the importance of a thorough medical history and differential diagnosis for vesicular eruptions in children.