Typical lung carcinoid tumor with ACTH-paraneoplastic syndrome: A case report

Background. Neuroendocrine tumors associated with ACTH-ectopic secretion are rare, and pose a diagnostic challenge due to varied symptoms, leading to delayed treatment. In addition, the presence of ectopic Cushing syndrome significantly increases the risk of metabolic, infectious and surgical complications, but surgery remains the primary and curative treatment for these patients. aim of study: to improve the treatment outcomes of patients with neuroendocrine lung tumors associated with ACTH-paraneoplastic syndrome. Case presentation. A 65-year-old female patient presented to the Kommunarka Medical and Clinical Center with neuroendocrine lung tumor associated with ACTH-ectopic syndrome. The patient underwent a comprehensive laboratory and instrumental examinations to assess the extent of the tumor, functional status, hormonal profile, and to differentiate between ACTH-dependent and ACTH-independent hypercorticism. The patient underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy. In the postoperative period, there was a regression of the clinical and serological manifestations of the ACTH-ectopic syndrome. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations of surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of typical lung carcinoid. Conclusion. This case report and literature analysis demonstrate challenges in diagnosing lung carcinoid tumors, the need for a polyvalent approach, preoperative correction of endocrine disorders, and radical surgery, which provides the best prognosis.