Clonal micro reproduction in vitro: explants choice (for example, species of the genus Valeriana)

With the aim of preserving commercial species of medicinal plants (many of which are rare) it is recommended to introduce them to the culture and plantation cultivation, including using in vitro culture. In addition, for perennial herbaceous plants that have a system of aboveground and underground organs, important are the choice of optimal Explant and receiving cultivation. In a culture in vitro in species of the genus Valeriana are described the following types of morphogenesis: embryologist, callusogenesis, Her-mogenes and rhizogenesis. Regenerated plants can be obtained by activating existing apical and axillary meristems of the aerial and underground organs, somatic embryogenesis and the formation of de novo plants from callus tissue. The introduction of explants for in vitro culture can be used seeds, apical meris-tems of shoot and root, petiole and lamina assimilating leaves, buds resume, the nodes of vegetative and reproductive escape. Effective reproduction with the aim of obtaining regenerated plants of several types Оfficinales (V. alternifolia Ledeb., V. dubia Bunge., V. officinalis L., V. wolgensis) is possible by using as explants the seeds and nodes of the zone of inhibition of the vegetative-reproductive escape. The optimal method of cultivation is the activation of existing meristems. The time for the introduction in culture in vitro of explants selected individually for each species and depends on the nature of Explant and fenarimol development of plants.