Complex radionuclide diagnostics of early complications in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Abstract Aims and objectives: optimization of identification of diabetes' mellitus early complications by means of nuclear medicine. Materials and methods: retrospective analysis of scintigrams of 23 patients with diabetes mellitus and 20 normoglycemic patients from control group was performed. Patients have undergone static or dynamic nephroscintigraphy and myocardial perfusion imaging. Gates' glomerular filtration rate, relative uptake of radiopharmaceutical, normalized maximum amplitude of the time-activity curve for each kidney and its average value were defined by dynamic nephroscintigraphy. Attenuation-corrected myocardial perfusion images were reconstructed by the iterative algorithm. Presence of perfusion defect on polar maps more than 5% of surface with local contractility decrease in the same segments were regarded as pathological. Results: the analysis of the dynamic nephroscintigraphy shows a trend toward a decrease in GFR and renal uptake in the diabetic group as compared with the control group. The extent of myocardial perfusion damage was greater in patients with diabetes mellitus than the control group (p= 0,016). Conclusions: myocardial perfusion imaging has the maximum diagnostic value in patients with diabetes mellitus. This method allows enhancing detection of ischemic changes on the early stages and correcting the treatment course promptly. Diagnostic efficiency of nephroscintigraphy was poor; however, the revealed tendencies show need for further researches.