The concept of personality in the Ewald Ilyenkov's scientific work and its critic

The article critically analyzes the ideas of the Soviet philosopher E. V. Ilyenkov about personality, his view of true individuality in the context of the cultural-historical and activity approach developed by him. Ilyenkov’s original interpretation of Spinoza and the anthropological ideas arising from it are considered. Parallels are drawn between the Marxist view of Ilyenkov and the understanding of personality in the Orthodox personalism of N. A. Berdyaev and his Catholic followers in France. The criticism of Ilyenkov’s ideas by his disciple Genrikh Batishchev, who switched to Orthodox positions, is revealed. When comparing different points of view, the internal inconsistency of the idea of a “true” personality is detected; the aristocratic and religious connotations of this idea are shown.