The concept of “culture of peace” in modern international relations: axiological and practical aspects (on the example of the post-Soviet space)

Introduction. The problem of the axiological dimension of the modern system of international relations is actualized. The theoretical approaches and positioning strategies of certain states contain various elements of idealistic constructions in the perspective of perception of the category “peace”. Their understanding and study are also important in relation to the post-Soviet space, which has experienced the negative impact of the post-bipolar transformation. The purpose of this article is to analyze the concept of “culture of peace” as a political and philosophical structure that has developed in line with the idealistic direction of the science of international relations, attempts to implement it in interstate interaction and the foreign policy course of individual states. Methods. The research is based on comparative analysis, the formal legal method and the decomposition method. Results and discussion. At the present stage, the “positive” interpretation of the category “peace” prevails in the science of international relations and international law. It is enshrined, among other things, within the framework of the United Nations system. The concept of “culture of peace” can be considered as its normative embodiment. Elements of the “culture of peace” are also reflected in the initiatives and actions of States. As concrete examples, the models of Turkmenistan, based on the principle of permanent neutrality, and the Republic of Belarus, focused on creating a “dialogue space” and the idea of “integration of integrations” were analyzed. The differences between the models are highlighted in a number of features, primarily the interpretation of the “sphere of the peace”. Conclusion. Modern challenges and threats encourage us to move towards a world without wars, violence and aggression. In the current realities, it is complicated by the delegitimization of international institutions and international law and the lack of consensus of international actors on the regulation of international relations, the importance of the moral and ethical aspect in world politics. The given examples demonstrate only some cross-sections of this problem, but they can verify it more objectively from the standpoint of the political philosophy of international relations.