Conservative treatment of amblyopia (review)

Objective: analyze the available methods of amblyopia conservative treatment. A review of Russian and English-language scientific and medical literature was carried out using the databases of medical and biological publications PubMed, Scopus, Google Academy, Russian scientific electronic libraries eLibrary and CyberLeninka, as well as the disserCat electronic library of dissertations and abstracts. 74 sources of literature on amblyopia were analyzed for the period from 2006 to 2021, 48 were identified as the most informative publications that meet the purpose of this work. For the conservative treatment of amblyopia, traditional methods are used, such as correction with glasses or contact lenses (optical correction), a temporary decrease of vision in the better seeing eye (occlusion and penalization), neuroprotective or antioxidant (drug) treatment, apparatus treatment, special programs for the computer. Many authors point to the maximum effectiveness of the complex impact on the visual analyzer of patients with amblyopia, which requires the development of new methods of exposure and revision of the frequency of application of stimulating treatment courses. The review details the existing approaches to the conservative treatment of amblyopia.