Counter-revolutionary center in the 1930's Mongolia

In 1930s several rebellions and conspiracies against the pro-communist government had been suppressed in Mongolian People’s Republic (MPR). The unrest was caused by people s discontent with the policy of collectivization and suppression of Buddhism, conducted under the Bolshevik guidance by Comintern. Searches for “spies and saboteurs connected with imperialist intelligence” represented one of the key responses to the unrest. Disclosure of the “counter-revolutionary lamas’ center” was announced in 1937. The restoration of theocratic monarchy in Mongolia was declared as its main goal. The “Center” was declared the largest counter-revolutionary organization behind all rebellions and conspiracies in the MPR. Yonzon Khamba Luvsankhaimchig, one of the highest lamas and the teacher of the last Great Khaan of Mongolia - the 8th Bogd Gegeen Javzandamba Khutagt, was labeled the key figure of the “Center”. The article focuses on the law suit on this organization and analyzes main accusations. It is shown that testimonies and statements during the suit were used as the main evidential matter. Main material evidences were falsified. Nineteen of 23 accused lamas had been sentenced to death. They were rehabilitated in 1990.