Crisis of classical philosophy and change in mental paradigm

The author of the article studies one of the most widely discussed problem of the crisis of «death» of philosophy. The vast majority of philosophers believed that old classical philosophy became obsolete and unneeded on the verge of XIX-XX centuries. The philosophy of old times constructed «the picture of the world» that served as ideology in the pre-scientific period. The development of scientific thinking rendered this philosophy unnecessary, reducing it to mythology, illusory «picture of the world». There was general criticism of philosophy. However, only the Marxist criticism was constructive. It suggested replacing philosophy with specific historical methodology based on the analysis of a real object. The object suggested was objective thought-forms - stable cultural formations which exist independently of an individual, including a thinker.