Laparoscopy for acute peritonitis

Peritonitis is the most serious complication of urgent abdominal diseases, associated with high mortality rates (up to 13 %). The main component for complex peritonitis treatment is surgery. In some cases, it is carried out in several stages, that contributes to complete abdominal cavity sanitation. The choice of surgical treatment (laparotomy / laparoscopy) is made individually, taking into account a number of parameters: the objective patient status, the clinical course of the disease, the material and technical equipment of the medical institution and the professional surgical skills. It has been noted that laparoscopy for peritonitis, in contrast to laparotomy, is more sparing in terms of surgical access. Laparoscopy and laparotomy significantly reduce complications in the postoperative period, including wound complications and postoperative hernias. As a result, inpatient treatment decreases, and a better cosmetic effect is achieved. However, the advisability of laparoscopy for patients with complex clinical manifestations of acute peritonitis remains a highly controversial issue.