Laser therapy in correction of lipid metabolism in chronic periodontitis

Introduction. The article deals with optimization of tactics of treatment and prevention of periodontitis. Periodontal disease leads to a significant decrease in the functionality of the dentition. It is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. Periodontitis negatively affects all organs and systems of the body. Patients with periodontitis worsen the quality of life. The high prevalence of periodontal disease determines the need for optimizing tactics of treatment and prevention methods. Materials and Methods. 24 patients with chronic periodontitis (control group) who received conventional complex anti-inflammatory treatment and 28 patients of the main group, which in addition to the basic treatment of laser therapy was conducted for 10 days, were examined. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed by dynamics of clinical condition of the patient, and by results of laboratory studies on the 5th and 10th day of treatment. Assessment of the periodontal clinical indexes was conducted. The intensity of free radical reactions of lipid peroxidation and the lipid composition of blood plasma were studied. Results. Chronic periodontitis is accompanied by intensification of free radical oxidation of lipids. It increases enzymatic activity of phospholipase A2 in the blood plasma and changes the lipid metabolism. All things indicate the development of homeostasis at the organism level. Traditional therapy of chronic periodontitis does't eliminate the changes. The use of combination therapy effectively corrigiruet inflammatory changes in periodontal tissues, as well as intensification of lipid peroxidation and disorders of lipid metabolism in the blood plasma in this disease. Discussion and Conclusions. The authors demonstrate that the most important reason determining the progression of chronic generalized periodontitis is lipid destabiliza-tion in the blood plasma. The most significant changes in this case are characterized by a higher content of lysophospholipids and free fatty acids in blood plasma. The imbalance in the composition of the phospholipids indicates membrane-destabilizing phenomena in chronic periodontitis. Traditional therapy for chronic periodontitis does not give a significant positive effect in the correction of lipid metabolism. The use of combination therapy in chronic periodontitis contributes to a significant reduction of disorders of homeostasis, as evidenced by less significant changes in the lipid metabolism, causing thereby a relatively better clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients.