Legal framework for development of touristic potential based on public-private partnership

Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice

UDC 334.021                                        

The ultimate goal of the large-scale reforms being carried out in all spheres today is to further develop the country's economy and improve the welfare of our people.

Tourism is one of the most important sectors of the economy. It is necessary to further improve this network, making effective use of existing opportunities, as the time demands.

Uzbekistan is a convenient country for both travel and pilgrimage. Because our ancestors, who are known and famous all over the world, have settled in our country forever. There is a great interest in the international arena in the rich spiritual and cultural heritage they have left. In order to further develop the industry, first of all, it is necessary to improve the necessary infrastructure. In particular, it is important to organize the development of tourism potential on the basis of publicprivate partnership mechanisms.

New prospects for tourism are opening up in our country, and large-scale projects are being

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implemented in various directions. In particular, in recent years, new tourist destinations such as mountaineering, horseback riding, camel riding, cycling, off-road travel, fishing, rafting, heliski, geotourism, educational tourism, medical tourism are gaining popularity.

It should be noted that in recent years, as a strategic sector of the economy of the republic to create favorable economic and organizational conditions for the rapid development of tourism, more complete and effective use of the huge tourism potential of the regions, radically improve the management of the tourism industry. The legislative framework has been formed, which allows for the introduction and widespread use of public-private partnership mechanisms, especially in the field of tourism.

There is a need to create a scientific basis for the introduction of effective mechanisms such as PPP to ensure the provision of affordable and quality tourism services that meet the requirements of world standards. In this regard, the issues of further improving the regulatory framework for the development and efficiency of PPPs in the development of tourism potential on the basis of foreign experience are among the pressing issues of today.

Theoretical and methodological aspects of the development of various forms of PPP have been studied in the works of scientists as V. Bersls, P. M. Khavrapek [1], P. Drucker [2], I. Endzheichik [3], J. John Lennon, Hugh Smith, Nancy Cockerell, Jill Tru [4], A. Yu. Alexandrova [5], D. M. Amunts [6], L. S. Baryutin [7], M. B. Birjakov [8], B. C. Bogolyubov [9], T. I. Bondar [10], V. V. Bocharov [11], V. G. Varnavsky [12], V. A. Vetkin [13] and other foreign and CIS countries researchers.

At the same time, economist scientists of our country K. H. Abdurakhmanov [14], M. R. Boltabaev [15], M. E. Polatov [16], N. T. Tukhliev [17], I. S. Tukhliev [18], I. Ivatov [19], M. K. Pardaev [20], Z. D. Adilova [21], N. Yusupov, F. Karabaev [22] ва U. Djumaniyazov [23] have dedicated their scientific works to the problems of PPP development.

However, there is a need to scientifically substantiate the features and trends in the development of PPPs in Uzbekistan, to further develop the existing system in the organizational, economic and regulatory areas that ensure the effective use of PPPs in the development of tourism.

Although these issues are partially reflected in the level of theoretical research and practical solutions, but the regulatory study of the implementation of PPP in the field of tourism and its role in the development of the tourism industry is a topical issue. remains. This fact is the basis for the development of scientifically based recommendations and suggestions through this scientific article.

Research Methodology

The methodological basis of the study is the legislative and regulatory documents in the field of PPP and tourism development, in particular, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 5, 2019 DP-5611 "On additional measures to accelerate tourism development in Uzbekistan" and the Concept of Tourism Development in the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2019-2025, as well as the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Public-Private Partnership", Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on October 20, 2018 "Creation of legal and institutional framework for public-private partnership" Resolution No. RP-3980 "On priority measures for the development of the economy".

The decrees and resolutions also set priorities and tasks for the accelerated development of tourism, increase its role and share in the economy, diversify and improve the quality of services, as well as make suggestions and recommendations on the introduction and widespread use of PPP mechanisms. relevant observations, comparative and systematic, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction methods are widely used.

Analysis and Results

The Decree of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev dated December 2, 2016 "On measures to ensure the accelerated development of tourism in the Republic of Uzbekistan" is an important factor in ensuring the accelerated development of the tourism industry, giving tourism the status of a strategic sector of the economy.

In order to organize and coordinate the tasks and priorities set out in the decree, the State Committee for Tourism Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan was established.

Over the past short period, 16 normative and legal acts aimed at comprehensive development of tourism potential of Uzbekistan have been adopted. On the basis of these documents, significant tax and customs benefits and other benefits were provided to tourism entities.

In order to ensure that the tourism industry of our country meets the requirements of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 2 new state standards on tourism terminology and safety requirements for hotels have been developed and registered.

In addition, in order to further improve the management system of tourism in the regions, the post of Deputy Hokims of Tashkent, Samarkand, Bukhara and Khorezm regions, as well as the cities of Khiva and Shakhrisabz was introduced by the relevant decree of the President.

Over the past period, on the instructions of the head of state, programs have been adopted to improve the tourism infrastructure in Khorezm, Bukhara, Samarkand, Surkhandarya, Kashkadarya, Jizzakh and Fergana regions, create new tourist routes and promote the tourism potential of the regions. In particular, in the cities of Bukhara and Samarkand work has begun on the construction of tourist areas "Ancient Bukhara" and "Samarkand City", which operate around the clock, with an area of 10 hectares each.

Comprehensive measures for the organization of guest houses in the areas of tourism clusters Bostanlyk, Parkent and Ahangaron-Angren in Tashkent region have been developed and are being implemented today.

The Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated August 16, 2017 "On priority measures for the development of the tourism industry in 2018-2019" raised the work in this area to a new level.

According to the resolution, a special program was approved to address important issues facing the industry in 2018-2019, and a Coordination Council for Tourism Development was established to ensure its full implementation and interagency coordination of work in the field.

According to the program, separate tourist zones will be established in Tashkent, Urgench and Fergana region.

It is also planned to adopt special programs in the field of medical, recreational, agro and ecotourism.

One of the prospects of modern tourism is unique natural habitats. Uzbekistan is the leading country in Central Asia in terms of ecotourism. Our country attracts the attention of tourists with its rich flora and fauna, unique landscape, national traditions and cuisine. Significant work is being carried out in the Ugam-Chatkal State National Nature Park, the Chatkal State Biosphere Reserve, the Aydar-Arnasay lake system and the Chimgan-Charvak resort and recreation zone, which are part of it, to develop tourism in Uzbekistan.

Our state has developed special programs for tourists from Europe, Asia and other continents, increased the number of charter flights and railways, mastered the experience of developed countries, developed domestic tourism, improved tourism facilities, improved the quality of services. A number of measures are being taken to improve and increase capacity.

There are 5 universities in the country that train specialists in the field of tourism, including the Singapore Institute of Management Development in Tashkent and more than a dozen specialized secondary schools.

The State Committee for Tourism Development is helping young people studying in the field of tourism, professionals working in the field to improve their skills in major tourist centers and educational institutions in Europe and Asia.

Another important aspect of the industry is the creation of a single database of all cultural and historical heritage sites in the region, natural geography, national reserves, improving the regulatory framework in the field of tourism, the integration of local authorities and community forces to develop tourism in the regions. In carrying out consistent work in this direction, a solid legal framework has been created in our country, special programs have been developed for the regions and the process is continuing.

Particular attention is paid to ensuring the priority participation of the private sector in the rapid development of tourism potential of the country. Currently, hundreds of entrepreneurs and craftsmen are involved in the tourism industry, which are engaged in the production of souvenirs, hotel business, tourist services.

Tourism exhibitions and conferences in foreign countries play an important role in the development of tourism. In order to promote the national cultural heritage of our country abroad, attract more foreign tourists and develop domestic tourism, tourism organizations of our country organize a number of exhibitions or participate in international exhibitions in major cities such as Madrid, Riga, Berlin, Paris, Tokyo, London, Moscow, Istanbul. This, of course, is bearing fruit, and the flow of foreign tourists to our country is growing.

Conclusions and Recommendations

In conclusion, we believe that in establishing a system of rapid development of tourism potential in our country, it is necessary to pay special attention to the following aspects:

• -    further expansion of private sector participation;

• -    providing benefits to the private sector;

• -    training and advanced training in the field;

• -    increase the range of new tourist products;

• -    introduction of public-private partnership mechanisms in the field;

• -    to turn tourism in our country not as seasonal, but as a source of income throughout the year;

• -    strengthening ties with foreign partners;

• -    effective use of new methods and approaches in attracting tourists.