The Pleistocene peopling of the north: Paleolithic milestones and thresholds horizons in Northern Eurasia. Part II: the middle paleolithic human biogeographic realm

The Middle Paleolithic recordfor the peopling of the North is presented with tables, a distribution map, chronology, bioclimatic circumstances, and toolmaking repertoires. Salient aspects identify time-series, patterns of adaptive strategies, dispersal “frontlines”, and strategies for procurement of food-animals. They support empirically a model ofthe human biogeographic “cold space ” realm; its bearing on the adaptive horizons ofthe historical zonation ofthe Paleolithic culture; debates about the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in Eurasia; and antecedents for trends in intensification ofElolocene culture in circumpolar habitats, with reference to the Canadian Arctic.