Localization and quality indicators of fat tissue in bulls depending on the growth technology

The article presents a comparative assessment of fat tissue localization and its qualitative indicators in young steers of different origin depending on the technology of bulls rearing. The nature, intensity and localization of fat tissue in animals of different genotype, direction of productivity, age and housing technology are very different, due to which there is a need for its periodic studying. For the first time in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, industrial crossbreeding of red steppe breeding stock with servicing bulls of the Hereford breed was carried out. A crossbred herd was obtained, which is superior to the parent breed in terms of the main economically useful traits, which is an additional reserve for increasing the beef meat. We monitored the localization of different types of fat tissue in the body of purebred and crossbred young cattle and analyzed the chemical composition and physical properties of fat. The first control group of bulls consisted of animals of red steppe breed, the second group consisted of first-generation crossbred cows of red steppe breed with Hereford breed bulls, raised according to the dairy cattle breeding technology adopted on the farm. The first and second experimental groups of bulls were formed from individuals of red steppe breed and mixtures, growing and fattening of which was carried out according to the technology of beef cattle breeding. The greatest amount of deposited fat tissue in the body was recorded in steers bred according to the beef production technology adopted in beef cattle breeding - 28.8-31.2 kg, which is 2.4-2,6 kg more than in the peers of control groups. The absolute yield of intermuscular fat tissue was slightly higher in individuals of experimental groups. The highest percentage of internal fat tissue from the total fat mass was produced by steers of experimental groups (35.8-44.9), whose superiority over their peers of control groups averaged 7.8 abs.%. In general, the physicochemical characteristics of different types of fat tissue are more preferable in young bulls bred according to the technology of beef cattle breeding.