Media and Violence

The development of the media and new communication technologies have contributed to the spread of violent phenomena, in addition to the impact achieved in the media conglomerate, and the globalization of culture, as the imperatives of the theatrical reviews industry, the search for the highest percentage of TV specialists and the trade war between opposing channels that compete for absolute control over the audiovisual field and Violence, whatever its social or political form, and the concept of media professionals has several reasons, but the characteristic of developing countries in general, and Algeria in particular, is unique in what we would like to call the blockage of the horizon of communication and listening to the other opinion and accepting the idea that the existence of the other is a reality and stand on its own , the media interpretation of violence is directly related to political formats as a key element in shaping this phenomenon, the phenomenon of violence does not stand still when they are attacks on the body by murder or torture, they extend to the confiscation of thought and opinion and the seizure of rights2, The media, social, security and judicial arenas in the Arab world are witnessing a wide debate about the legality and feasibility of the media's handling of issues and topics of family violence, noting that the media is a mirror of society, and therefore must reflect everything that is going on in society, and the media's handling of issues of family violence helps in preventing it, when family members are made aware of the means, methods, patterns and consequences of family violence, it results in the emergence of public opinion pressing for a reform of the social justice system, and the media should confront issues of family violence by identifying and clarifying its form, being and patterns, the Arab media is deficient To a large extent in familiarizing the Arab public and raising awareness of the legal frameworks governing issues and topics of domestic violence3.

Televised violence and women:

Although the phenomenon of violence has already existed since the first human appearance, various media studies have agreed that satellite channels have become one of the important motives that perpetuate violent behavior among individuals, especially since many communicators focused on the value of conflict involving scenes of violence, while those media messages cumulatively contributed to the growth of violent behavior among large numbers of recipients, and cumulative exposure to violent towards her by the guy at home Or on the street or at work , and it can expose her to harassment or assault ⁴ . There is no doubt that the frequency of violence in television programs produced in the West has become a cause of concern in all social circles in the world, studies have analyzed that violence is the use of physical force or the threat of using it against oneself and others resulting in physical harm or deaths, and researchers have discovered that 80 percent of all programs include varying levels of violence and crime, with rates of approximately 08 incidents every hour, and these percentages are higher in children's programs despite the decrease in cases of murder and death in it, even The highest levels of violence are in cartoon series aimed at Children ⁵ . A number of American researchers have stated that children learn violence by watching violence in the media, especially electronic games, and therefore television leaves a psychological impact on the psyche of young people, especially in their nervous and mental systems, which is why we note some visual media, especially in Western countries, banned watching movies on some young people under the age of about 12 and sometimes under the age of 18, and set dates for watching some movies between seven to ten and half at night ⁶ .

No two differ on the size and danger of the media to the life, culture and behavior of the individual, family and society , and in our time, visual media has become the most dangerous among the various media, because it broadcasts around the clock through the open space for everything without exception, and the media almost besieges a person and brings his attention everywhere he goes, no wonder that there is a clear increase in the world today in the volume of public violence at the social and criminal levels, and this is one of the things that the committees of the United Nations seek to raise with countries in the hope of reaching results that limit and mitigate violence , Several researches have confirmed the existence of a close relationship between aggressive behavior and exposure to criminal and violent media contents with a high demand for them7, and that the presentation of violent models on visual television provides viewers with two types of information, both of which lead to an increase in the likelihood of the appearance of aggressive behavior, on the one hand, we find that violence and watching it may teach the viewer techniques that make him more confident in his ability to successfully carry out aggressive actions, and on the other hand, it can provide the viewer with information about the consequences of aggression, such as rewards and sanctions that are given for practicing aggressive behavior aggressive attitude In order to confront violence, educational and information programs should be developed that focus on educating young people of both sexes about the requirements of the marriage stage, clarifying rights and duties, educating husbands and wives about the appropriate way of dealing with each other, and adhering to the provisions of Islamic law. officials in the media should also stay away from showing films of violence, crime and sex and commit to publishing and broadcasting what helps preserve the family entity.8

If you follow the Arab media, we find that instead of playing their role in defending women and combating the violence that is being practiced against them, they themselves practice this violence against women in one form or another. television, as a mass media, for example, practices violence against women day and night around the clock in advertisements, programs, films, serials and even in children's programs, both at the level of form and content .

The Arab media still insists on presenting women in the traditional image or in the canned image of the Western model of the concept of the model, which makes it a means of sexual attraction and to encourage and increase consumption, considering that the model of modern women is the model of Consumer women. various studies confirm that programs, Series and films have become in many of them distort the image of women and ridicule the role they play socially. the media has a distinctive role in spreading the culture of human rights, foremost of which is the elimination of discrimination and violence ⁹ . There is no doubt that upbringing is a continuous process that begins with the individual and does not end, and the individual acquires during the years of his life a lot of acceptable and unacceptable norms, values and behaviors, and the home, school, friends and peers share with the media from other other institutions, and that their role does not end as the role of the home stops at a certain age, as is the case with the role of the school, but the role of the media increases with the increasing Times of viewing, listening and reading to these means, and if we take into account this role, these means sometimes endow the individual with certain patterns of violence, through in programs, Series and stories The international media also focuses on distorting the image of the Arab in general and the image of Arab women in particular by focusing on the traditional role of women and projecting their positive role in life 10 .

The written media's view of violence against women:

The French-language newspapers such as Berti, Mujahid, Afaq and the New Republic addressed the issue of violence against women with wide attention and the contribution and follow-up of all the forums held in Algeria in the media, where the Afaq newspaper commented on 24/11/2010 that violence against women exists in Algeria, and the barrier of silence must be broken, according to the newspaper there are 667,000 women in Algeria raped and killed from the beginning of January 1988 to November 2010, and there are 04 fatal cases by the husband in within 06 months of the year 2010, there are 03 mullahs who are hugging a woman in the family environment, and in the newspaper Al-Hurriya we find that the women's associations in Algeria agree on one goal, which is resistance Violence against women by enriching modern laws that keep pace with modern Algerian society through its various institutions for the change of forces within Algerian society, in addition to proposing and presenting various activities and actions to reduce the phenomenon of violence against women, the New Republic newspaper, on the occasion of the International Day of violence against women, commented that mechanisms, systems and data on the inventory of violence against women and girls must be strengthened, and therefore responsibility must be assumed in order to exclude violence towards women through effective strategies within society .( 2010 / 11 / 24 )

As for El Mujahid newspaper on 25/11/2010, it believes that women in danger should be helped through advice and guidance by listening centers located in Algeria, providing them with protection, overnight stay and follow-up by psychological, social and legal specialists to alleviate the impact of violence, strengthen and support institutional capacities around this problem, as well as involve social partners and civil society, awareness and sensitization across the entire national territory, develop a multisectoral National Action Plan and intensify shelter centers for women victims of violence, whether private or public, and put a free green phone line at listening centers ¹¹ .

Algerian newspapers have dealt with violence against women with a comprehensive and multi-angle approach to the phenomenon, in which the attempts of the written media in Algeria to highlight the reality of violence against women in society and to interact with this phenomenon through advocacy for the development of social legislation and the provision of psychological and material support to battered women are evident .

Violence against women has begun to be taken seriously, far from being just News reports, but has become a topic with social, legal and psychological dimensions. However, despite this growing trend towards addressing this issue, the written media still faces challenges related to how to present this phenomenon responsibly and put forward practical and effective solutions to address it .

First, we find that newspapers agree on the need to break the silence on violence against women, which reflects a change in societal attitudes that preferred to keep a lid on this issue in the past. This transformation indicates that the press has begun to take a pivotal role in raising community awareness, so that it highlights the multiple dimensions of this phenomenon, by highlighting statistics and field facts that confirm the prevalence of violence against women in Algeria. However, we find that newspapers differ in how they approach this information: some focus on the statistical aspect and the bitter reality, while others try to offer solutions to the problem by calling for the amendment of laws or the creation of Special Support Centers for women .

One of the important points is to emphasize the need to develop legislation, as newspapers indicate the role of women's associations in lobbying for updating laws so that they are in line with the current needs of society. This call reveals an urgent need for the media to improve the legal frameworks to protect women and ensure their rights. However, these solutions do not seem to have been adequately addressed in terms of details or challenges that may face their implementation on the ground, such as the resistance of some social or cultural forces that may be opposed to the development of such legislation.

Despite the remarkable progress in addressing these issues, the media continues to reveal the lack of coordination between media and community efforts to address this phenomenon. The media may be able to stimulate community discussion, but it cannot on its own bring about real changes in social culture or in the structure of laws. Therefore, it seems that the written media remains in the position of interacting with women's issues without having a key role in achieving the institutional change that is necessary .

It can be said that there has been a positive shift in how the written media addresses the issue of violence against women in Algeria, in terms of highlighting the phenomenon and calling on society to adopt effective legal and social solutions. However, there remain challenges related to operationalizing these solutions on the ground, both through improving legislation and by ensuring coordination between various stakeholders, including the media, government institutions, and civil society .

Practical recommendations:

• 1.      Preparing media codes of conduct that oblige media organizations to avoid degrading

• 2.     Strengthening educational media by producing awareness programs aimed at Children and

• 3.      Training journalists and media professionals on how to cover issues of family violence and

• 4.      Encouraging field studies on the relationship between media content and violent behavior in

• 5.      Support extensive media campaigns in partnership with civil society to reduce symbolic and

stereotypes of women or children, especially in advertisements and serials.

adolescents that highlight ways to resolve conflicts without resorting to violence.

gender-based violence in a responsible and humane way.

social circles, especially among young people and adolescents.

electronic violence, especially with the increasing influence of digital media.

Conclusion

The media has an important role in society, especially with regard to raising awareness and educating the viewer with targeted media programs at the family and community levels, and exploiting this role in the right way to properly educate the generation on positive values, but if the media does not treat topics professionally, it helps to sow chaos and deviation at the family and community level, and this consists in revealing useless and misleading things to the recipient, such as violent and murder films, and pornographic sexual films, which spoil the values and standards of society, and what has been observed in recent years of globalization is the emergence of many media channels and media outlets with countless scenes of violence such as electronic games and videos The vehicle is via net .