Method of studying physical effects and phenomena in the measurement of pressure

In connection with the growth of requirements aimed at improving of the technological processes in enterprises, the prerequisites for a new industrial revolution (industry 4.0) have arisen. The modern industrial revolution assumes the most active using of sensors for measuring physical quantities, moreover, preferably based on new physical effects. An analysis of literature sources in the field of Instrument Engineering shows that there are no works containing strict and clear descriptions of the procedure for using physical effects to build sensors of physical quantities. In this connection, the problem of identifying the main stages of the implementation of physical effects in modern sensors is relevant. A technique is proposed for the sequential study of physical effects used in sensors for measuring physical quantities, which includes: a description of a mathematical model of a physical effect; description of the physical implementation of this effect; description of the dependence of the output signal of the sensor measuring the physical quantity from the value supplied to the input; graphical representation of this dependency; constructive implementation of the physical effect in the sensor for measuring physical quantities. As physical effects to illustrate the proposed method were used strain gauge and capacitive effects used in pressure measurement sensors. According to the results of the application of the methodology, a table has been formed, which contains the characteristic features of the considered physical effects and gives a visual representation of their use in modern sensors for measuring physical quantities. The above methodology can be recommended for implementation in the educational process in the direction of preparing students 12.03.01 “Instrument Engineering”.