Methodological approaches to resolving the problem of determining criminal-procedural efficiency of witnesses and the victims

The testimony of witnesses and victims in criminal proceedings traditionally attaches great importance, since this is the most obvious and accessible source of information for legal proceedings. Numerous domestic and foreign scientific studies show that the honest testimony of the respondents, on average, correspond to reality only by 70 %. This situation prompted scientists to study in detail the existing problems of testimony. One of those is the inability of a person to objectively assess the surrounding reality, or to sufficiently capture the information received, and to equally fully reproduce it when the need arises in an arbitrary order. The most common causes of inaccurate information on the part of witnesses and injured persons are a wide variety of cognitive and mental disorders that deprive them, in fact, of criminal procedural capacity. They may have properties and signs of both psychological and psychiatric deviations. It is not always possible to identify violations of this kind in a procedural person under the actual conditions of a criminal case. A likely reason for this kind of situation may be the lack or inadequacy of basic knowledge of the staff of the inquiry, investigation and court of forensic psychiatry and legal psychology, which do not allow them to take full advantage of the current opportunities provided by screening test systems for detecting psychological markers. psychiatric problems with participants in the criminal process.