Mythologems in the historical cognition: the mythological due vs. the historical real

The content of mythologems and their role in the historical cognition are analyzed in the article. The authors justify the following idea - the non-identity of the real and the due represents the structural basis of mythological interpretation of history. This idea generalizes the content of mythologems and thereby determines the institutionalization of myth history. The authors study the phenomenon of ostalgie common on the territory of the East Germany after the fall of the Berlin wall as a significant example of myth and historical cognition functioning nowadays.