Microbiotic factor and psyche: modern outlook on trans-systemic relationships

The paper presents review of the latest publications devoting to issue of human microbiota (predominantly, gastrointestinal tract microbiota). There are described multidimensional interrelations in the system “Brain-Gut-Microbiota”. We analysed the publications including the descriptions of ascending (from microbiota to brain) and descending (from brain to microbiota) interactions in the system. Particularly we paid attention to influence processes of microbiota on state of mental health and the role of microbiota in onset of mental disorders. It was discussed some aspects of the microbiotic factor in metabolic, post-stress and behaviour disorders, in the first place - eating behaviour disorder. It was described prebiotic and probiotic factors of influence on the microbiota as potential therapeutic approach to preventive measures and treatment of mental disorders.