Multifactorial field studies of a forestry soil-throwing machine performance

The woodland is a natural renewable source of resources. Society has an important task to preserve forests today for them to exist tomorrow. There are a large number of factors that contribute to the destruction of forest areas, one of which is a forest fire. A lowland forest fire is characterized by uncontrolled spread of fire across the forestland, which is destructive to living organisms. This type of natural disaster causes irreparable damage to the animal world. There is a great need to develop technical and technological resources for firefighting, and to create highly effective machines for fighting steppe and forest grass fires. Scientific and technical progress moves faster every year, and new, regularly arising challenges provoke the emergence of a steady need for new machines or the improvement of already developed ones, which can be designated as a priority goal for the society. In 2023, the volume of forest fires in the Russian Federation amounted to about 4.3 million hectares. This indicator is higher than the previous year by almost a third: according to official data, in 2022, 3.3 million hectares of forest massifs were destroyed by fire. To ensure the performance of several operations, it is possible to single out forestry soil-throwing equipment. Today, this type of technical resources has acquired considerable relevance and demand. Forestry soil-throwing equipment performs well on light sandy soils due to the mechanized movement of soil batches to the edge of a forest surface fire resulting in knocking the flame down. The volumetric mass of soil, which is spread on the surface over which the fire has just passed, allows re-ignition prevention and distributes the accumulated heat energy in different directions, cooling this surface. And the mineralized strip created on the fire tail makes it almost impossible (equal to 99 %) for the fire margin to breakover. The parameters of the forestry soil-throwing machine, which are critical for the process of extinguishing the fire source, are determined. These include the angle of attack of spherical discs; angle of spherical disks erection; the distance of the transverse displacement of disk working bodies; unit movement speed. The article presents regression models of the influence of forestry soil-throwing machine parameters on the completeness of fire extinguishing at a distance of 3 m, which adequately describe the extinguishing process.