Mosaicism of modern photographic art as a set of artistic and creative strategies and subcultures

He purpose of this study was to reveal the general mosaic picture of the functioning of modern photography as a set of creative strategies and subcultures based on the predominant use of a certain artistic methodology. Using the typological approach, the author identifies the following main creative strategies: «montage», «pictorial and stylistic», «staging», «reportage» to continue the traditions of fine art in general, including its modernist paradigm. They are opposed by another global paradigm called «actual photography», which denies the basic principles and values of traditional photography. Each type of visuality forms its own autonomous structure, consisting of specifically oriented creative subjects using the special technological system and artistic methodology, as well as their own ways of communicating with the audience. It is a set of subcultures having their own historical genesis, but very weak horizontal ties in terms of socio cultural and aesthetic functioning. This configuration of photographic subcultures is referred to as mosaic. The deep essence of the coexistence of various photographic subcultures lies in their common opposition to the processes of massization of society and the globalization of culture. In addition, this is a kind of «protective mechanism» of the cultural existence of photography, which actualized the mosaic of its creative strategies in the direction of art and artistry. Their diverse functioning reflects, on the one hand, the tendency to preserve traditional approaches and values in photography, and, on the other hand, a reaction to modern cultural challenges, the desire to comply with new trends and trends in art.