National composition of Western Siberian population in post-Soviet period (1989-2010)

Purpose: Research of national composition of the population of Western Siberia in 1989-2010 with the following aims: to study the changes that happened in the quantitative and equity structure of the largest ethnicities among the population of Western Siberia; to analyze the impact of social-economic and political reforms on ethno demographic development of Western Siberia; to consider the changes that happened in natural increase and migration and their role in the changes that happened in quantitative composition of specific peoples. Results: As a result of the research it is revealed that the destruction of the Soviet Union, reformation of economic regime led to the wide scale structural changes in all spheres of society, including demographic development of Russia. Number of population was reduced on account of natural increase points’ decrease and representation of many peoples of Western Siberia was changed. Conclusion: For economic exploration of under populated Western Siberian regions it was necessary to attract great amount of demographic resources that was firstly filled by labor excessive European parts of the country. On the first stage such peoples, excluding Russians, which had earlier been integrated into social life of Russian society and had been culturally and historically close to the dominated ethnos with high migratory activity were involved into agricultural colonization and industrialization of eastern regions of the country. Later, according to the realization of politics of the productive force’s displacement to the east composition of economic exploration the circle of members was changed in the post war period. The Soviet Union destruction into separate unions and transformation of administrative-command system was reflected on the national composition of Western Siberian population. Migration of population was more difficult as a result of appeared border barriers and, consequently, participation of the peoples that lived in the European part of the USSR in the economic exploration of the regions was also more complicated. Eastern areas lost their attraction and it stimulated the outflow of the population, including its movement into non CIS-countries. In the first ten years of the XXI century the problem of economic growth of Siberia became important. However, demographic potential of European territories and other regions that traditionally filled the gap of Siberian population was extremely pure. At the same time economic and internal political situation of the Caucasian and Central Asian countries that had previously been a part of the USSR was less productive and they contributed their labor recourses to Western Siberia. Thus, in new conditions national composition of Western Siberia where Russians stated as a dominated ethnos has been formed under new demographic trends’ impact and also under assimilative processes that were accelerated after disintegration of the Soviet Union.