The inheritance of the trait of seed shattering losses in interlinear sunflower hybrids

The aim of our research was to study the inheritance of the trait of seed shattering in interlinear sunflower hybrids on the CMS basis. The experiments were conducted in 2011-2013 and in 2015, 2016 on the fields of the experimental plot of the All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops by the name of V.S. Pustovoit (VNIIMK), Krasnodar. Four maternal CMS-lines (VK 678, VK 639, VA 77 and VA 330), three branchy paternal lines-restorers of pollen fertility (VK 591, VK 560, XF 4919) and one single-headed paternal line VK 541 were used in the research. In 2010, 13 hybrid combination were received under the “sleeve” type isolators, F1 hybrids were evaluated on the seed shattering losses trait in 2011-2013 and F2 hybrids were evaluated in 2015, 2016. In our experiments, F1 hybrids had dominance of the maternal form; F2 hybrids had the polygenic inheritance of this trait. The additive interaction of genes and, to some extent, the dominance play the main role in the genetic control of the studied trait. The lines and interlinear sunflower hybrids with low seed shattering losses have been identified; they can be used in further breeding of parent components and hybrids of this crop. The lines and hybrids with the convex shape of head were the less shattering. A significantly high positive correlation was established in maternal lines and their F1 hybrids on the basis of the seed shattering losses trait.