New data on craniology of the population at the Podgornovo stage of the Tagar culture in Khakassia

This article analyzes craniological series from the Stantsiya Kazanovskaya-1 burial ground, located in the Republic of Khakassia and dated to the Podgornovsky stage of the Tagar culture (8th-6th centuries BC). This study was aimed at establishing anthropological composition of the series as well as differences and similarities with other local Tagar groups. The series included the skulls belonging to 21 individuals (10 male and 11 female). Craniometric examination followed the standard program developed by V.P. Alekseev and G.F. Debets. Statistical data analysis was carried out using evaluation of normality of data distribution, ANOVA analysis ofvariance, and principal component analysis in the STATISTICA version 10 software. The male series from the Stantsiya Kazanovskaya-1 site was distinguished by predominantly Caucasoid features, but individual skulls showed Mongoloid features in the horizontal face profile. Mongoloid features were more pronounced in the female part of the series, especially in three females whose horizontal profile was obviously more flattened than others ’ in the series. The female series also looked more heterogeneous. Comparison of the series from Stantsiya Kazanovskaya-1 with other Tagar populations has not revealed significant differences. The detected differences were rather associated with local intragroup differentiation which does not describe clearly defined morphological complexes. Comparison of a part of the Tagar series which was in the same field with the group under study in terms ofprincipal components has revealed a stable difference in the values of the zygo-maxillary angle, caused by noticeably greater flattening of zygomatic level of horizontal profile in the series from Stantsiya Kazanovskaya-1 compared to other examined Tagar series.