New opportunities in nursing and habilitation of premature newborns

The purpose of the study is to analyze catamnesis characteristics in newborns with very low and extremely low birth weight. Materials and Methods. The authors carried out a complex clinical and laboratory examination and dynamic observation of the health status in 82 premature newborns. Their gestational age was 27-34 weeks. Results. It was established that all the examined obstetric patients fell into a high-risk pregnancy and childbirth group. Asphyxia was observed in 84.15 % of newborns, so symptoms of CNS damage, caused by both infectious and non-infectious pathologies, dominated in their diagnosis. In 20.73 % of cases the causes of frequent disability were the prior disease complications (mixed hydrocephalus, periventricular cysts (periventricular leukomalacia cysts), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia). Analysis of the newborn disability structure showed that the disability rate was higher in the group of children with extremely low body weight, whose gestational age was 27-30 weeks. Their disability rate was up to 45 %. It was observed, that 34.15 % of children from the study group didn’t receive any specialized care and neurological rehabilitation for two years. The growth of children’s disability in newborns with very low and extremely low birth weight emphasizes the need for a complex approach to the problem of diagnosis and early correctional health care. This work should be based on medical, psychological and pedagogical work with a troubled child. The authors also underline the necessity to create a register of premature newborns at the state level. It would contribute to a single standardized system of diagnosis, treatment and habilitation.