About rhizosphere of field crops and factors influencing on dynamics of its microbiota (review)

There is presented a review of literary sources, which disclosed an importance of rhizosphere being a certain biological buffer regulating interrelations between higher plants and soil and inhabiting soil microorganisms. The main factors influencing indicators of activity of rhizosphere microbiota possessing a complex of useful qualities for plants (converting of nutrient into accessible forms, decomposition of organic materials, increase of resistance to abiotic factors, stimulating a growth, antagonism to phytopathogens, etc.) are considered. The violations of interrelations between plants and their associative microorganisms caused by different factors, including the regulating by human ones - such as cultivation technologies, are able to decrease yield potential of agricultural crops including sunflower. The analytical review certifies the prospects to conduct researches allows determining an impact of agrotechnical methods (sowing dates, seed sowing rates, fertilizer, and chemical and biological plant protection) on changes in qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota in sunflower rhizosphere and to determine their influence on yield and quality of products.