Substantiation of prerequisites for the formation and development of highly effective clusters in a regional economy: a review of domestic and foreign experience

Territorial clusters are regarded in the article as effective instruments for achieving sustainable eco-nomic growth of a regional economy. Their successful development is a decisive condition for the formation of a new economic model based on the priority of innovative renewal of production. In this regard, the for-mation of hi-tech clusters should become the main direction in the strategic management of territorial devel-opment implemented by public authorities of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation. However, as practice shows, the availability of the resource base and its production facilities, market infrastructure and qualified personnel in the region are not sufficient for clusters successful functioning. Thus, the investigation of the best practices of cluster formation in Russia and abroad with the aim of supporting the development of highly efficient cluster structures appears to be a currently important area of research. The authors describe examples of hi-tech clusters development in aerospace, oil and gas, chemical, pharmaceutical industries. Forming clusters, enterprises of these industries win new markets, including global ones. The scientific nov-elty of the research is comprised of its results concerning the prerequisites and the decisive criterion of the territory’s clustered spatial development effectiveness. The criterion is to establish an integrated system of intracluster interaction of participants belonging to different levels (tiers) of the cluster. The theoretical sig-nificance of the research results from the systematization of organizational and economic characteristics of territorial innovative clusters of Russia and foreign countries, which allowed for defining the main conditions for the effective clusters formation. Practical value consists in the possibility to apply findings and results obtained during the research to develop management mechanism for the creation of clusters and curation of cluster initiatives in the region's economy.