Public sculpture as a factor in shaping aesthetic experience and urban identity

The article analyzes the role of public sculpture in shaping citizens' aesthetic experience and urban identity. The research is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining methods from aesthetics, sociology of art, and urban studies. The methodology includes literature analysis, comparative research, and case studies. The author examines the diverse functions of public sculpture: aesthetic, symbolic, social, and communicative. Based on the analysis of theoretical works and practical examples ("Cloud Gate" in Chicago, "Muzeon" Park in Moscow, "Hong Kong Sculpture Project," "Gateway Arch" in St. Louis, "People on the River" ensemble in Vyksa), the key factors influencing the perception of public sculpture are identified: cultural context, artistic quality, spatial integration, and community involvement. Recommendations for effective integration of sculpture into urban space are proposed, including the development of clear selection procedures, engagement of local residents, interdisciplinary collaboration, educational programs, and post-project monitoring. The necessity of a comprehensive approach that takes into account artistic, social, and urban aspects to enhance aesthetic impact and strengthen urban identity is substantiated.