Evaluation of Holsteinization effect in the population of white-and-black cattle in the Moscow oblast

The aim of the research was to assess influence of the spectrum of interrelated factors of genetic and environmental nature on implementation of economically useful features of black-and-white cattle in the Moscow Oblast. The use of Holstein breed in herds of cattle of related root was studied in many works of domestic authors, but the improvement method effectiveness was reduced to assessment of a blood value or a proportion of genes of the improving breed. In this regard, the presented research is a modern generalization of the work with the population of black-and-white breed on the example of the Moscow Oblast for 1992-2015. We created an array of data on the basis of breeding records in 69 regional farms for 37,538 cows-heifers. Seven groups of animals with gradations from 25.0 to 87.6% or more were formed by grouping by a share of Holstein blood in the genotype. The decomposition of phenotypic variability components was performed by multivariate analysis without interaction. The estimates of the aligned mean values with regard to fixed genetic and paratypical factors were obtained according to the least squares method. The changes in indicators of LS-estimates showed that the increase in Holstein blood resulted in a rise in milk production while reducing productive use of animals and reproduction indicators. In comparison with blood by improving breed (0.0...0.3%), factors of herd (1.5...19.3%) and stud bull (1.6...8.0%) had the most significant influence on the studied economically useful features. The results will be used by regional information and breeding centers, centers (associations) for breeding cattle. Further research in the direction of improving population of black-and-white cattle in the region will be associated with the use of estimated Holstein stud bulls by a set of offspring indicators with the subsequent development of a breeding index, as well as the intensification of research in the introduction of genomic methods for predicting breeding qualities of animals.