Assessment of the drug penicillin-G residual quantities distribution in milk and dairy products

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of contamination of dairy raw materials with residual amounts of the drug penicillin-G on food quality indicators, as well as to monitor it using the Extenso multifunctional device and the arbitration method of high-performance liquid chromatography. The study took place at the All-Russian Research Institute of the Dairy Industry (Moscow). The objects of the study were scientific papers by Russian and foreign scientists published from 2017 to 2022, devoted to the study of the distribution of antibiotics in milk and its processed products, as well as control systems for veterinary drugs and medicinal substances in them. The search was carried out in the databases Pub Med, Scopus, Science Direct and Webof Science, as well as in the electronic scientific library eLibrary.ru using keywords: residues of veterinary drugs, distribution of antibiotics, milk, dairy raw materials, determination methods. Analysis of sources showed that the distribution of antibiotics among milk fractions depends on their lipophilic or hydrophilic properties. If the processing regimes (normalization, pasteurization and homogenization) of the starting raw materials are observed, antibiotics are stored in dairy products, binding to the structural components of milk (proteins and fats). Contamination of dairy raw materials with penicillin has a negative impact on the biological safety of products and leads to serious problems for both human health and the production process. However, this problem has received insufficient attention. It is necessary to expand control systems for veterinary drugs and medicinal substances in raw milk to ensure the toxicological safety of products and technological stages of production. One of the modern methods for studying beta-lactam antibiotics is the multifunctional Extenso system, which allows you to monitor veterinary residual drugs in a fast and cost-effective way.