Remontant and neutral-day strawberry cultivars evaluation by productivity in the Bryansk region conditions

Most varieties of domestic and foreign selection bear fruit once a year. The formation of generative buds in these plants takes place under conditions of short daylight hours (less than 12 hours) and low (12...17 °C) temperatures. The remontant strawberry varieties form two harvests during the growing season: the first time, like ordinary varieties, in June, the second time in August-September. Neutral-day varieties can bear fruit without a significant break from the end of May until frost in the the autumn. This group of varieties is distinguished by intensive removal of nutrients and low winter hardiness. These varieties give a good harvest one season and require more careful maintenance. The purpose of research is to evaluate remontant and neutral day varieties of garden strawberry in terms of productivity and its constituent components. The studies were carried out in 2018-2020 at the collection site of the Kokino base station of the FSBSI Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding Agrotechnology and Nursery (FSBSI HFRC) located in the Bryansk Region. The objects of the study were 5 remontant and 4 neutral day varieties. It was found that the lowest number of peduncles per bush was after the unfavorable autumn-winter period of 2018-2019. Freezing of strawberry plants occurred in the second decade of November. During this period, there was a sharp drop in temperature to -10...-11 °C, in the complete absence of snow. The varieties Albion, Milan, Vima Rina were completely frozen that winter. More than 10 peduncles per bush at I and II fruiting were formed by the varieties Lyubava, Osennyaya Zabava and Uralochka Rozovaya. The optimal number of peduncles at II fruiting was in 2019 in the varieties Lyubava and Osennyaya Zabava. More than 60 berries per bush at the second fruiting were noted in the varieties of the Kokino base station of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Horticultural Federal Research Center Lyubava (61 pcs.) And Osennyaya Zabava (102 pcs.). Medium-sized fruits (6.8-7.8 g) were formed by the varieties Elizaveta, Albion, Vima Rina, and Geneva. Varieties Lyubava, Osennyaya Zabava, Milan had small fruits 3.1-6.0 g. Very small fruits were noted in the variety Uralochka rozovaya (2.0 g). As a result of research on productivity, varieties Lyubava, Osennyaya Zabava were identified, which formed more than 500 g of berries from a bush during two periods of fruiting. They are valuable for practical use and selection as a starting material.