Evaluation of the toxic effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics on the meristematic tissue of the roots of onion

In the work examines the impact of aminoglicoside antibiotics (amicacin, gentamicin, canamicin, streptomycin) and cytokinin 6-BAP on the mitotic activity of cells meristematic tissue of the roots of the onion. Research methods: Allium-test, cytogenetic analysis, statistical analysis. In variants of the experiment using 6-BAP at concentrations of 5.0 mg/l, tested with aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin in concentrations of 50.0 and 100.0 mg/l, and streptomycin in concentrations of 150.0 and 1000.0 mg/l) when microscopic drugs observed in apical meristem in 68.8-88.0% of the appendage roots of onions lack division. Their mitotic index was close to zero and most of the cells were in a profatestate condition. It was established that the tested concentrations of aminoglycoside antibiotics suppressed mitotic activity in the meristematic tissue of the appendages of the onion roots. Considerably, in 1.6-2.5 times MI reduced in variants of application of 6-BAP, gentamicin, streptomycin in concentrations of 1000.0 mg/l, amicacin and canamicin. Increased concentration of gentamicin from 50 mg/l to 100.0 mg/l, streptomycin from 150.0 mg/l to 1000.0 mg/l, canamicin from 100.0 mg/l to 100.0 mg/l doesn’t have a significant negative effect on mitotic activity of meristem cells.