Ontological essence of poetry in M. Heidegger’s philosophy

This article explores the specifics of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger’s understanding of ontological essence of poetry on the whole and of poetic language in particular. Special attention is paid to the translation and interpretation of the terms in Heidegger’s philosophy such as poetry (Dichtung) and poet (Dichter) in which the philosopher puts entirely new meaning in comparison with conventional meanings of these concepts. The parallel is drawn between these concepts with the same or similar notions related to Eastern philosophy. Such comparison of two different philosophical traditions allows completing a picture of studied semantic terms and makes analysis of special aspects of Heidegger’s philosophy of language in the field of poetry deeper and more comprehensive. The particular importance in this regard is given to the Hindu concept of “Shabda Brahman” in its empirical sense and Confucian category “junzi” as an example of the interaction between the transcendent, poet and other people. In addition, the article attempts to consider the poetic language from the perspective of religious language. This point of view can reveal important features of the language of poetry as song (Gesang) in its sacred meaning and to identify in new light the special role of the poet as a messenger between the language and its disclosure in the world.